刑事問題
在加拿大以外的定罪/犯罪行為
如果您曾在加拿大境外被判罪或犯下刑事罪行，可以透過以下方式克服刑事不受理問題：
- 申請刑事更新（Rehabilitation）：
您可以向相關部門提交更新申請；或 - 視為自動恢復資格：
如果自您完成刑期（或犯罪行為發生）至今已過十年，而該罪行在加拿大屬於可公訴罪（最高刑期少於十年），則可能被視為已自動恢復資格。- 若該罪行在加拿大屬於簡易程序罪（summary conviction offence），且您因此類罪行被判兩次或以上，需從完成刑期起至少五年後，才符合恢復資格條件。
在加拿大的定罪/犯罪行為
如果您在加拿大有刑事定罪記錄，必須向 加拿大假釋委員會（Parole Board of Canada, PBC） 申請 犯罪記錄豁免（前稱赦免），才能再次進入加拿大。
刑事更新（Rehabilitation）
甚麼是刑事更新？
刑事更新可以解除因刑事紀錄而造成的不受理問題。這意味著您已改過自新，過上穩定的生活，並不太可能再涉及任何犯罪行為。
申請刑事更新的資格：
- 您曾在加拿大以外地區犯下某行為，且自該行為發生已過五年；或
- 您曾在加拿大以外地區被定罪，且自完成刑期後已過五年。
刑事更新的條件
以下是各類罪行及相應的更新條件概述：
- 若您在加拿大境外被判罪，而該罪行在加拿大屬於可公訴罪（最高刑期少於十年）：
- 視為自動恢復資格： 完成刑期後至少十年。
- 可申請更新： 完成刑期後至少五年。
- 若您在加拿大境外犯下某罪行，而該罪行在加拿大屬於可公訴罪（最高刑期少於十年）：
- 視為自動恢復資格： 犯罪行為發生後至少十年。
- 可申請更新： 犯罪行為發生後至少五年。
- 若您在加拿大境外被判罪或犯下某罪行，而該罪行在加拿大屬於最高刑期十年或以上的可公訴罪：
- 視為自動恢復資格： 不適用。
- 可申請更新： 完成刑期或犯罪行為發生後至少五年。
- 若您在加拿大境外因兩次或以上簡易程序罪行被定罪，而該罪行在加拿大屬於簡易程序罪：
- 視為自動恢復資格： 完成刑期後至少五年。
- 可申請更新： 不適用。
注意：
若要符合自動恢復資格，您必須沒有犯下或被判其他任何可公訴罪行。
Overcoming criminal inadmissibility
Criminality
Convictions / offences outside Canada
If you were convicted of or committed a criminal offence outside Canada, you may overcome this criminal inadmissibility
- by applying for rehabilitation, or
- you may be deemed to have been rehabilitated if at least ten years have passed since you completed the sentence imposed upon you, or since you committed the offence, if the offence is one that would, in Canada, be an indictable offence punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment of less than ten years.
If the offence is one that would, in Canada, be prosecuted summarily, and if you were convicted for two (2) or more such offences, the period for rehabilitation is at least five (5) years after the sentences imposed were served or are to be served.
Convictions / offences in Canada
If you have a criminal conviction in Canada, you must seek a record suspension (formerly a pardon) from the Parole Board of Canada (PBC) before you will be admissible to Canada.
Rehabilitation
What is rehabilitation?
Rehabilitation removes the grounds of criminal inadmissibility. Rehabilitation means that you lead a stable lifestyle and that you are unlikely to be involved in any further criminal activity.
You are eligible to apply for rehabilitation if you have:
- committed an act outside of Canada and five (5) years have elapsed since the act;
- been convicted outside of Canada and five (5) years have passed since the end of the sentence imposed.
Eligibility for rehabilitation
This section gives a summary of the type of offences and length of rehabilitation periods.
If you were convicted of an offence outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be an indictable offence punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment of less than ten years:
- You are deemed rehabilitated: at least ten years after completion of the sentence imposed.
- You are eligible to apply for rehabilitation: five (5) years after completion of the sentence imposed.
If you committed an offence outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be an indictable offence punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment of less than ten years:
- You are deemed rehabilitated: at least ten years after commission of the offence.
- You are eligible to apply for rehabilitation: five (5) years after commission of the offence.
If you were convicted of an offence or you committed an offence outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would be punishable by a maximum term of imprisonment of ten years or more:
- You are deemed rehabilitated: not applicable.
- You are eligible to apply for rehabilitation: five (5) years from completion of the sentence or commission of the offence.
If you were convicted for two (2) or more offences outside Canada that, if committed in Canada, would constitute summary conviction offences:
- You are deemed rehabilitated: at least five (5) years after the sentences imposed were served or to be served.
- You are eligible to apply for rehabilitation: not applicable.
Note: To be deemed rehabilitated, the person must not have committed or been convicted of any other indictable offence.
If you have a criminal conviction in Canada, you must seek a record suspension (formerly a pardon) from the Parole Board of Canada (PBC) before you will be admissible to Canada. See section Overcoming Criminal Inadmissibility for more information.
